The Pyramid of Senusret III at Dahshur

Pyramid of Sesostris III at Dahshur apparently the first of the investigation De Morgan in the 1894-1895 season of digging. Located to the north-east of the pyramid, red, and far exceeds the pyramids of his predecessors in the family of 12 in size. It is also very different in many aspects of cultural background and religious concept represents another milestone in the design of the pyramid.
We do not know a thing of the valley temple linked to the pyramid, as found at any time before, and while there was certainly a bridge leading to the Pyramid of the south-east, and have not been investigated. It was originally a small funerary temple in the middle of the east side of the pyramid. It is too spoiled to really do something about the plan of this temple, but Arnold theorizes that highlights the decline of the traditional worship of the funeral, and a decrease in one room to provide a false door of granite, magazines, storage and camera input.
    Fragments and we believe that the decoration of the walls, executed in high relief, bearing the name and titles of the owner. Other fragments, possibly from a waiting room of the gods of the temple reveals the progress made towards the King, with low registration records among officials and the slaughter of livestock. Fragments after the other, and perhaps in the projection room, and shows the King on the throne before an offering table with rows of holders of this view, in the list view, and the slaughter of livestock and gifts.
However, in a new window to expand the southern wall was built at a later time, built a new church further. This temple was destroyed, but not as severe as the temple east. We believe it may have been composed of two parts, a courtyard with columns papyrus stem and shrines in the rear. Fragmentary inscriptions found inside this temple and the king represents layer module that spent to close the festival, along with the gods, such as ram-headed god Khnum and Heryshaf. And some Egyptologists believe that the design elements within this temple is the evolutionary precursor to the tombs of the modern state, in the good.
Many of the pyramids 12 from the original strain used a framework consisting of extensions from the corners and across the base plates together to form a network. This framework was filled with debris and sand or mud and brick covered with housing. In many cases, digging a trench around the pyramid in order to ensure the bottom of the housing. While the pyramid of Sesostris III, it seems to follow the previous method to secure the lid, and leave the window, leaving only a core of mud brick. Base was built in successive sessions of the horizontal. It is interesting, bricks vary in size, which suggests that there has been the use of the template, and not fingerprints on some bricks, presumably to monitor the progress of the work. These stones were laid without mortar, although the sand was used to fill the seams. Apparently, the pyramid lasted until the reign of Ramses II in the New Kingdom, because of the writing on the walls of the visitors, and we know that at that time continues to inspire admiration. However, after two hundred years during the reign of Ramses II, which turned to rubble.

As it was before the pyramids, the casing is joined in line with cramps and the bottom is based on the built on the square ditch block over three sessions of mud brick. Behind the outer casing stones manufacturers established in budbrick basic support for linking the stones from the jacket and core together.
Petrie was difficult to find the entrance to the Pyramid of Sesostris II Lahun, Morgan also difficult to find the entrance to the pyramid. And widely in a tunnel under the pyramid before, in November, in November 1895, and finally to find the thief old tunnel finally led to the burial chamber. No longer kings entrances instead of the pyramids in the center of the northern part of the structures, or in any fixed place. To further complicate matters, there is a chapel of the north, has also been found in the temples first, which usually hid in the entries.
Entry this time was hiding in the pavement west of the square pyramid, near the northwest corner. From there, the vertical axis has been reduced to the corridor leading to the east under the pyramid, and finally turned south and access to a waiting room one first and then the burial chamber. To the east of the hall is a small annex, Recalling the Plan of many pyramids from the era of the Old Kingdom.
It is interesting, and the burial chamber is not very close in all the vertical axes of the pyramid. This camera has a false ceiling to relieve the pressure with a gabled roof is built of five pairs of packets of limestone, each weighing 30 tons. Above the mud-brick cellar was the last.

Walls of the room are lined with granite and covered with a thin layer of white plaster (gypsum).
 
    In another part of the infrastructure, floors, walls, roof and door covers false cheaper than limestone and painted with black and red dots, so that it resembles pink granite more expensive and durable.
Following tradition, and was located on the granite sarcophagus of the great western wall of the chamber of the mausoleum. Like many rulers in the future of strain 12, which had ports (fifteen) along the side wall in imitation of the Step Pyramid of King Djoser at Saqqara enclosure. This design is often referred to as the palace facade. The altar and placed on the south wall of the king's burial chamber Canopic chest. On the northern wall of the time took to open blocked the entrance to the lobby.



While grave robbers entered the pyramid during the period of the Hyksos, and even made sketches of themselves, can not be the reason behind everything that the pyramid is almost empty. Because no equipment was found jars, as well as the fact that this pyramid, there is no passage of the barriers and dust was present only in sarchophagus, Joe Wagner, Lehner and others expressed the view that Sesostris III may not have been buried in the pyramid at all, but in a funeral at Abydos. Until recently, it was believed that the tomb at Abydos to be symbolic (a coffin).

However, the issue has been raised why Sesostris III would soon return to the tomb at Abydos, where his predecessors and his successors on the spot, at least choose to be buried in the pyramid in northern Egypt. Arnold seems to believe that the burial chamber we attach to Sesostris III was really the Queen in the House of Representatives, because the Kings room should be located closer to the vertical axis of the pyramid. In other words, it appears that Arnold believe that the real burial chamber were not present.
It was found that all in the king's chamber, but the sarcophagus was some pottery and bronze pieces of ivory-handled dagger.
North of the pyramid Morgan also discovered the tomb of Princess arranged in two galleries.
    This system of graves is much more complex than it was below. Arnold believed that at least four of the tombs on the top floor was probably in the form of meta-hierarchy. In these exhibitions, the main entrance gave access to a long vaulted corridor linking the four sets of cameras, every house is built on the coffin and canopic chest. There were also one or two niches in the walls. Then it was on the second level, where the communication medium with eight ports with the coffins, two of whom were registered. One of them bears the name of a woman named Mint and other senebti Senet, which may have been princesses.


At the bottom of the galleries, and hidden, and archaeologist also found some wonderful pieces of jewelry and other equipment burial of the women. Some of these gems (333 pieces) belongs to the princess to sit Hathor, who was probably Sesostris III's sister, and possibly also his wife.
Other items that belong to a woman called necklace (maturity), and some reference sources and his wife, while others say she was his. Perhaps both. Some of these gems, including several gold breastplate decorated with precious stones, bracelets, gold and other valuables are examples of the wonderful craftsmanship of the 12 families. Now that the material can be found in the treasure room at the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities in Cairo.


In addition to these cemeteries, and three other small pyramids were along the southern wall of the main pyramid. These graves may also belong to a real woman. In 1994, during the investigation by the Metropolitan Museum in New York, was found on a tree in the west of most of these graves, which leads to the tunnel which in turn leads to a waiting room, the burial chamber and the Chamber of CANopen (annex), which is actually located at the corner south-west of the pyramid of the king. Granite sarcophagus fills the western edge of the burial chamber. Fragments of canopic jars found in the tomb bear the name Khnumetneferhedjetweret (write), who was the wife of Sesostris II and Sesostris III and mother.
Each of the graves in the north and south sides of the pyramid was originally thought the main, but in 1997, by Dieter Arnold further investigation revealed they were, in fact, perhaps the Pyramids.
All of these structures and the pyramid principal and subsidiary organs of the pyramids were surrounded by an outer wall around the interface with outlets abroad. Of the north and the south and the north and the south wall with the other ports, have been built, all of which again points to the revival of interest in the complex of King Djoser at Saqqara. And cordoned off the area around the inner wall of the pyramid and a chapel north only.
He also notes that near the northwest corner of the six boats lined the funeral were found buried in the sand. Each boat six feet long (20 feet), one or more wooden sledges were buried with them. Are currently in the Egyptian Museum of antiquity, while the other two are in the United States in the Field Museum of Natural History in Chicago and the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh.
• Length: 61.25m
• Base: 105m
• Route: 56th