The Pyramid Complex of Niuserre at Abusir

Niuserre had reached a compromise in the pyramid in the abuses. We believe that the last of the pyramids were built there .. Do you have built a pyramid at Abu Sir specific keywords, you may fall in the desert and the construction costs have been excessive. Therefore chose to build almost against the wall to the north of the mortuary temple of Neferirkara. Thus, the pyramid, the so-called "cult () Niuserre places of suffering," was surrounded by nothing else, the pyramid is very typical.

While the pyramid Lepsius appear on his map in this area, appears to have been a bit of research in this pyramid. PERRING also examined the pyramid, but it was Borchardt, who conducted research in the basic starting of the page.

- Valley temple

Few of the temples and the Valley of Egypt still persist because of its proximity to West Nile. Niuserre it is almost gone. Station originally had it about five feet below ground level, the current may have been built based on the original developed by and Neferirkara road. It is, as Sahure valley temple, has two entries in the columns. Western entrance to the two columns and four columns of pink granite in the form of six legs of the papyrus.
They Niuserre names and titles, as well as the representation of Upper and Lower Egypt (as in the courtyard of the mortuary temple). This entry ramp leading to the port, and was paved with basalt. Originally there was a granite plinth which relief decorations of many colors. Go west on the pillars of the gallery, which was reached by external stairs.

Central valley temple statues Niuserre Many of the once. These include sculptures Niuserre himself in three niches in the Western Wall.

However, there was apparently also the statues of the enemies of families, a marble head of Queen Reputnebu We had a spouse, and pink granite statue of a lion. Only fragments of the statues had been discovered, and only fragments of the decorative carvings on the walls of the temple still exist. And mural inscriptions Niuserre seem to hit their enemies, and the gods of the baby king.
 
- Bridge
The way through the valley temple and the mortuary temple has not been investigated thoroughly, and still be on the block comes under the sand. In fact, part of the road to drive mortuary temple and the lower section of the pyramid, who led Neferirkara. It's decorated in a manner very similar to Sahure bridge. On the road was originally built to cross the ground sharp and uneven, but it seems that the materials used for this was usurped for the construction of the graves of the priests who served during religious family Niuserre 20.
 
- Mortuary temple
Mortuary temple is rather small, and unlike others in the attack, and plasma L shape, although in the eastern part of the pyramid as usual. Here is a little on the ground for the purpose of settlement outside the region, was built on the surface of the base using rooms filled with construction debris and rough sand.

On the exterior walls of the temple complex were slightly inclined, and the concave part of the Corniche. Only at the entrance of the temple was a ladder to climb to the roof-terrace and a long time, and decorated the entrance corridor paved in black basalt with a vaulted ceiling. There was a frieze on the wall side of the pink granite. Only fragments of walls still exist. There were five storage annexes on both sides of the entrance hall.
 
Entrance hall leads to the courtyard, which was also in the cradle of basalt columns and six sixteen papyri of pink granite came. Axis of the spine with wavy lines in low relief, which gives them the quality and realistic. At the center of the column is inscribed with the names and titles Niuserre with the symbolic representation of the Commissioner (Nekhbet eagle gods), low (cobra Djt gods) of Egypt.

    And ambulatory support of the columns was the subject of astronomy, and decorated with stars. There was a change alabaster, in the northwest corner of the yard, but only fragments have been found. Were decorated with scenes of the show, and the representation of the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, along with other images.
 
The main lobby behind the courtyard that separates the external and internal parts of the temple. And specialized in the northwest corner once includes pink granite statue of a lion lying to protect inside the temple.

    Only fragments of the statue to survive, and in the Museum of Antiquities in Egypt.
Many fragments of inscriptions inside the temple inside, but it is impossible to know in which room, which came in the original. Reveal some Niuserre fight enemies. Other scenes include the founding of the temple, and presentations that are delivered, and the sacrifice of animals.



In the meantime, inside the temple was a chapel with five ports, but the reconstruction of the distribution is close to impossible because of the advanced state of the chapel from destruction. Chapel was attended by a series of annexes store entered from the northwest corner of the chapels. Of the chapel, a small room decorated with a square central pillar of one lead to the lifting room floor above. This lobby was repeated later in the funerary temples until the reign of Sesostris I.

Conference presentations directly on the East-West axis of the temple complex near the pyramid, the altar, and the door of the deceased, in the back. Walls of the room was decorated with scenes of rituals related to Niuserre death. The domed ceiling is decorated colorful astronomical, and relief sculpture. To the north of the storage group other attachments that have served the Village offers.

There is an important innovation in this funerary temple structures and large-scale in the northeast and southeast corners. Here have been found inscriptions and a reference to the constructor Sahure Temple of the Sun, which were not present. These structures in the tower could have been a preview of the towers, temples which were built at a later time. The walls of these structures were slightly bent and supported the concave frieze. Above all was the balcony, which was reached via a narrow stairway.

- Pyramid
The pyramid has a base of seven steps of the local sandstone. We appreciate that what was originally 52 meters (173 feet), along with the base of 81 meters (270 feet). Outer layer made of fine white limestone for the stability, corners of the pyramid is based on the foundation.

Entrance was at the center of the north at ground level. Entrance opens on the corridor lined with fine white limestone and pink granite strengthened at each end. This corridor was divided by a barrier with two granite blocks of communication. Runner up to this goal. After the lobby, after the passage of the first and the largest becomes slightly to the east before reaching the lobby, after the burial chamber. There was still the king in the pyramid.

The burial chamber is slightly less than the level of the earth's surface, and stone foundation. Each of the waiting room and the burial chamber has a ceiling on a chair, which was unusual at this time. Roof is composed of three layers of huge blocks of limestone in place of the above. Limestone fragments to fill the vacuum between each layer of the roof, to facilitate the transfer of weight and stabilize the structure, especially during earthquakes. We believe that the fragmentary scenes within the tomb chamber describes military campaigns against the Libyans.
On the pyramid courtyard paved with limestone, which is narrower on the south side (because of Neferirkara in the funerary temple) and then on the north side. There is also a cult pyramid, Borchardt described the error in the queens of the pyramid.

- Margins
It is possible that we will not find Sahure Temple of the Sun as it could have been built, or at least the building blocks used in part for building the pyramid Niuserre complex. Proof of this is to build a brand above-mentioned name registration Sahure Temple of the Sun. It is also possible that the obelisk once graced Niuserre complex, which we have some evidence to suggest that it may have belonged to the Temple of the Sun Sahure. While obelisks made mandatory in the sun temples, which are located in the funerary temples in this period.

Some experts believe it may also be usurped Niuserre Neferirkara valley temple (the state as a fact) because they are built on the basis that Neferirkara originally, and the road leading to the mortuary temple Niuserre also lead to the temple Neferirkara. In addition, there has apparently Neferirkara valley temple of his own.
As is the case with most of the pyramids of abuse, today at the entrance of the pyramid Niuserre blocked by debris, and can not be completed.
• Length 51.68m
• A 78.9m
• volume of 112,632 cubic meters. M
• Tilt 51 ° 50 '35 "
• Dynasty 5
• Satellite Pyramids (1)
• Queens Pyramids (2)